COP31 U.N. climate summit: What to expect in Turkey as world misses 1.5C threshold

This article was originally published on CFR.org and updated by NBC News.

Representatives from around the world will gather in Antalya, Turkey, from November 9 to 20 for the 31st Conference of the Parties (COP31) to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change. Although it is an annual event, this year’s climate summit is notable for two reasons: first, it coincides with the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement entering into force; and second, the United States — the world’s second-largest and historically biggest emitter, which formally withdrew from the agreement at the start of this year — will not send an official delegation. (Members of Congress and U.S. businesses will still attend.)